UNMIK- KFOR-UNHCR-OSCE-EU Press Briefing, 17 May 2001

UNMIK Spokeswoman Susan Manuel
KFOR Spokesman Squadron Leader Roy Brown
UNHCR Spokeswoman Astrid van Genderen Stort
OSCE Spokeswoman Laura O'Mahony
EU Spokesman Mike Todd

UNMIK Spokeswoman Susan Manuel

We are going to start off today's briefing by Mr. Andy Bearpark on the Value Added Tax.  Please after he is finished ask him questions and then we will go on with the regular briefing.

DSRSG Andy Bearpark

Taxes are boring.  I know you want to talk about far more exciting things like security, etc.  But taxes aren't really boring.  They can actually be quite interesting and I wasn't to enthuse you a bit today with the VAT, which will not be an easy task, but I will do it.  At Tuesday in the IAC it was a historic day because that was the day that the SRSG was able to sign the Constitutional Framework and we can now move forward to the Kosovo wide elections in November.  I know that is historic and I know it is very important, but I do believe that the agreement in the IAC on Tuesday on the VAT, the Value Added Tax regulation, was equally historic in its own way.  The reason is that taxes are an essential part of our lives, we know that.  Nobody likes to pay them but the fact is that we in Kosovo need to raise revenue, need to collect taxes to provide essential services like doctors, nurses, teachers, mending the roads as in any society.

Now when the international community first arrived in Kosovo at the end of the bombing there was nothing.  That was understandable and so systems had to be put in place very quickly to enable money to be collected to spend on these essential services.  However there was a balance to be struck.  Speed was essential and that meant that some of the taxes that had to be put in place were slightly tricky ones, they ha some slightly unusual or adverse effects.  That was inevitable and the right decision to put them there. 

But now we are a long way on from there.  The Kosovo of today is not the Kosovo of 20 months ago and so we can do things slightly differently.  The reason that I am so enthused about the Value Added Tax is that the future of Kosovo lies in Europe.  There is no doubt about that.  There is no doubt in the minds of the people of the European Union and I hope that there is no doubt in the mind of the people of Kosovo.  So now what we have been able to do is say we will move to a truly European standard.  The Value Added Tax is the prime method of tax collection on consumption.  Don't worry about these stupid technical terms; it is what you buy in the shops.  That is the prime method of tax collection on what you buy in the shops throughout the European Union and what we are now doing is introducing exactly the same system here in Kosovo.  For the first time Kosovo will put its hand up and say we really are part of Europe in terms of the way things work.  They do not have value added tax in North America.  They do things differently there.  But you in Kosovo are doing it in the European way.  So I really am excited that we have reached this stage because it has taken an awful lot of hard work, hard work on behalf of the Kosovars working in the Central Fiscal Authority, hard work on the part of the various advisors and hard work on the part of the European Commission.  The IAC agreed to the regulation on Tuesday and now we are doing all the preparatory work to introduce the Value Added Tax on the first of July this year.  There will be lots of briefings from the CFA in the weeks and months to come to explain to the traders and firms how it works. 

I want to emphasize two aspects of it.  1 - very much like the Euro, the introduction of the Value Added Tax does not immediately hurt the man on the street. The rate of tax at the moment is 15%, that is the rate of the sales tax we have.  So when you are or readers or colleagues go into the shops you won't even know that it has happened.  You will pay the same thing as before.  The second point is that it gets rid of a lot of things that are actually disadvantaging Kosovar businesses and it means that these businesses will now be able to compete much better in terms of exports on the same playing field as European nations are already doing.  It is about the future of Kosovo.  This is not a new tax.  This is replacing the taxes and bringing us in line with the European nations.
 
Questions:

Q: What is the tax going to be?
AB: 15%.  The rate of 15% will be the same as the rate of the sales tax at the moment.


UNMIK Spokeswoman Susan Manuel

SRSG in Tirana

Yesterday, SRSG Hans Haekkerup was in Tirana participating in the Southeast European Cooperation Process meeting, along with foreign ministers of eight Balkans nations.

UNMIK Pillar I

On Monday, Gary Matthews will give a presentation on the new UNMIK Pillar I, which will be concerned with law and order: UNMIK police, KPS and the Department of Judicial Affairs will fall under this pillar, which has been established to concentrate more energy and efforts on law enforcement and the justice system.  Mr. Matthews, who is the Principal Deputy special representative of the Secretary General, will head the new UNMIK Pillar.

KPS Report

From the police today, members of the Kosovo Police Service arrested three Kosovo Albanian suspects in connection with the murder of a Kosovo Albanian man yesterday in Vitina. He had been shot several times in a petrol station. Also yesterday, KPS officers arrested one suspect after he shot at someone in front of the Grand Hotel. He will be charged with attempted murder.

There was a confrontation yesterday evening between Serbs and Albanians in Northern Mitrovica.  There were shots exchanged.  UNMIK Police and KFOR eventually stabilized the situation.


KFOR Spokesman Sqdrn. Ldr. Roy Brown

Good Morning.  And it is a good morning for KFOR after the good news day yesterday.

UCPMB

By late last night, the total number of ethnic Albanians that have given themselves up to KFOR troops had risen to almost 100.  All of them entered Kosovo at the same checkpoint near the village of Zemurska Mahala.

Weapons Found

Yesterday afternoon, KFOR soldiers stopped and searched a truck near Mucibaba.  The truck, which was heading towards the Ground Safety Zone, contained 175 rocket propelled grenades, other assorted grenades and small arms ammunition, three rifles, two machine guns and military uniforms.  The truck and its cargo was taken to Camp Bondsteel and the driver detained.

Also last evening, a joint US and Russian KFOR patrol, acting on information received, discovered an arms cache near the village of Vela Glava.  As the patrol approached, they came under fire from armed extremists defending the weapons cache.  This was met with a robust response, the patrol returning fire with a variety of weapons, injuring one man.  He and five others were later detained and a significant quantity of arms ammunition and other military equipment was recovered, including eight mortars.

Sector B

These incidents characterize KFOR's policy in the run up to the re-entry of FRY forces to Sector Bravo of the Ground Safety Zone.  We will continue our aggressive patrolling of the boundary and intercept both men and materials destined for the ethnic Albanian armed groups there.  If attacked, we will respond in a robust manner and with appropriate force.  But, for those that heed our message, to turn their backs on extremism and violence and lay down their weapons, we will be true to our word.  As COMKFOR said yesterday;  "With the exception of persons suspected of having committed serious crimes, members of armed groups who lay down their weapons and cross that boundary will be released after a screening procedure".
 
The young men who crossed the administrative boundary at Zemurska Mahala, have shown the hardliners the way.  They trusted our word and reaped their reward.  Others should follow their lead, to avoid bloodshed and loss of life, and allow their leaders to solve the problems of the region through peaceful and democratic means.

Media Event

Finally, a media advisory.  General Quinlan, the Commander of Multinational Brigade East will hold a press conference at Camp Montieth on Sunday 20th May at 1630.  Further details on that from our Media Ops team.

UNHCR Spokeswoman Astrid van Genderen Stort

Table 1: Internally Displaced (IDP’s) from Preshevo Valley

Date

Muchibaba official border crossing

Gate 5

official border crossing

Slobica

Unofficial border crossing

“Chickenleg”

Zegra area

Lovce

Unofficial border crossing

Total

13 May

evening

  212

 

 

 

 

  212

14 May

  685

 

 

 

 

  685

15 May

  930

 

410

 

120

1460

16 May

  369

 

  37

 

191

  597

17 May (8am)

 

 

 

 74

 

    74

Total

2196

 

447

 74

311

3028

 

Total arrivals from Preshevo Valley  3028

 Table 2: Arrivals from FYROM

 

Date

Blace border

(official border crossing)

Blace border

(unofficial

bordercrossing

(*1)

Jazince Border

(official border crossing)

Jazince unofficial border crossing

(hills/ mountains

around Jazince into Gni.AOR)

Mountains into Dragash and Zhupa Valley (Prizren AOR

 

From fYROM through Preshevo Valley-Muchibaba border crossing into Kosovo

Total

  3 May

    209

 

 

 

 

 

  209

  4 May

    342

 

 200

 

 

 

  542

  5 May

    200

 

 

100

 

 13

  313

  6 May

  1022

    85

 150

 

900(*2)

 20

2177

  7 May

 

  1500

1300

 330

 

 580(*3)

   4

3714

  8 May

    301

   229

 240

 

    9

   4

  783

  9 May

    132

   180

   88

 

 

 

  400

10 May

    112

   195

   50

 

 

 

  357

 11 May

      78

     67

   30

 

  18

 

  193  

 12 May

      90 

     58

   12

 

  28

 

  188 

 13 May

      13

     41

 

 

    4

 

    58

 14 May

      22

     46

      4

 

    2

 

    74

 15 May

      16

     15

 

 

 

 

    31

 16 May

      25

     

 

 

 

 

    25

Total

  4037

 2216

1104

100

1541

  41

 9064 



Total 9064

The total of arrivals from fYROM since 3 May including those that arrived during February and March and have not yet returned:  approx. 18,064 (assuming that the Feb/March caseload is approx.9000)

(*1)Please note that for Blace border those with passports can cross the  official border crossing ; those without passport have so far had to revert to taking the mountain route which leads straight into Hani I Elezit/Deneral Jankovic (the so called unofficial border crossing)

(*2) of these 900, 650 went to Dragash area (Opoja) and 250 to Prizren town. All were from Brodec village near Tetovo

(*3)The 580 were mainly from Vesale (500 went to Opoja, 80 to Prizren. Two families were reported from Shipkovica village

Total displaced from FYROM and Preshevo Valley since February and March 21,088T

Arrivals from Preshevo Valley

While the influx from fYROM was decreasing to an average of 30-50 a day (of which over 50% reverted once again to the unofficial border crossing due to lack of documents), a new wave of displaced people entered Kosovo. Following renewed fighting in Preshevo Valley just outside the GSZ, people started to move since Sunday night (13 May) into Kosovo. As of today, Thursday 17 May over 3000 people have entered Kosovo from Preshevo valley, crossing through both official and unoffical border crossings. The movement is ongoing as we speak. The rate of new arrivals has however slightly decreased as of Wednesday when fighting in Oraovica reportedly stopped. Only yesterday until this morning over 650 people entered, who still fear the military build up and high potential for clashes in the area.

Most of the new arrivals were coming mainly from Preshevo town and Orahovici, where most of the fighting took place during the past week. Today there were also new arrivals from Kurbalija village.

A number of new arrivals coming from Southern Serbia were interviewed at the Mucibaba crossing point while they were waiting in a queue. The delay was caused by KFOR who had embarked on intensive checking procedures before the displaced could be allowed to cross the border.

People from Preshevo Town consistently report that there is a visible VJ military build-up inside the town
 
The people from Oraovica had fled the town because of the ongoing fightings between the Serbian forces and the UCPMB. Some of the displaced left in a hurry by foot on a long journey (up to eight hours) through the mountains and over un official border crossings, into Kosovo where relatives or helpful citizens were waiting for them.

UNHCR has increased its presence in the critical reception areas with teams, tents and/or and reception centres (both at the official and unofficial border crossings) and is continuously monitoring and assisting the new arrivals. In cooperation with other organisations, busses and trucks are on standby that transports the displaced to their final destination. UNHCR in cooperation with ICRC has so far succeeded in putting up all displaced- even those without any contacts in Kosovo- with host families. From time to time a family will overnight in the dormitory, but so far all families were transferred the same or following day to family homes.

The cooperation with other agencies and KFOR is ongoing and very good.

FYROM

People continued to arrive from fYROM throughout the week though in limited numbers. The total of arrivals from fYROM, including those displaced during the initial fighting in February/March is over 18,000.

Eric Morris Statement

The Special Envoy Mr.Eric Morris was present in Lucane on Wednesday where NATO together with Albanian and Serbian representatives continued efforts to implement a process of demilitarisation of Lucane.  Following is a statement of Mr. Morris:

"The withdrawal of the Yugoslav forces and the UCPMB from their positions in Lucane village represents a critical opportunity for the protection of civilians from a very vulnerable population. The population left Lucane entirely at the end of November and has over the past months returned to Lucane. Several inhabitants have however so far not been able to return to their proper homes and resume life because of the location of security forces: Of critical importance to the local population is the reopening of the school as well as the retreat of the forces from occupied houses. The whole process can set an example of how a political and military conflict can be solved if conflict prevention is done. I believe it is within the grasp of the Belgrade authorities as well as the Albanian leaders to make this work. If they fail in grasping this opportunity all parties involved will have failed every man, woman and child in Lucane who very much so want this to happen.
 
Return of Sector B

UNHCR remains extremely concerned about the expeditious return of Sector B to the Serbian forces and wants to stress the humanitarian consequences that could be a result of this decision. UNHCR has continuously and continues to do so, called on all parties to show constraint and focus on moving forward in a peaceful manner.

In a statement earlier this week Mr. Eric Morris said:  " We very much believe that this matter can be resolved in a peaceful and political manner and therefore believe that the coming days are crucial in addressing and making significant steps forward with the most critical confidence building measures, in particular a multi-ethnic police force, that have been under discussion for many months now. We call on the authorities of the Federal Government and the Republic of Serbia to show maximum constraint. We have been most concerned that confidence-building measures have yet to convince the population that their well-being is taken into consideration. In addition we want to urge the Albanian leaders to understand that their actions in the next few days will have severe consequences in terms of the well-being of the civilian population"


OSCE Spokeswoman Laura O'Mahony

Election Preparations

On Monday, as you know, the SRSG announced that elections for a Kosovo-wide assembly will take place on November 17th this year and, on Tuesday, he signed the framework document which outlines the make-up of that assembly and the electoral system which will be employed to elect it.

The OSCE, which will be responsible for organizing the poll, welcomes both decisions. 

We now have a clearly defined goal to work towards and a clearly defined timeframe in which to make the necessary preparations.

The timeline - exactly six months - is tight. But we will be working flat out between now and November 17th to ensure that these elections reach the highest possible international standards.

A lot of preparatory work has already been done since the beginning of the year. The foundations have already been laid.

The Central Election Commission, for example, has been meeting over the past month. And we expect them to start issuing the rules, which will govern the conduct of the elections, very soon.

We've also been working closely with our partners - Pillar 2 here in Kosovo as well as IOM - on the business of updating the voters' list. That operation will get underway - both in Kosovo and outside - later this summer.

Human Rights Training

Members of Kosovo's municipal Communities Committees will be taking part in the first of a series of training courses on human rights this week.

The workshops have being organised by the OSCE-run Institute of Civil Administration and the OSCE Department of Human Rights and Rule of Law, with the cooperation of the JIAS Department of Local Administration.

The Communities Committees are responsible for ensuring that the basic fundamental rights, which everyone is entitled to, are respected in their municipalities. 

The workshop will take place in Prizren tomorrow. It will then be held at different locations around Kosovo over the coming weeks.

We will be issuing a press release on that event shortly.

Democratic Governance and Civil Society Press Conference

Next Tuesday, May 22nd, the OSCE-supported Depart