UNMIK-KFOR-UNHCR-OSCE-EU Briefing, 31 May 2001

UNMIK Spokeswoman Susan Manuel
KFOR Spokesman Sqdrn. Ldr. Roy Brown
UNHCR Spokeswoman Astrid van Genderen Stort
OSCE Spokeswoman Claire Trevena
EU Spokesman Mike Todd

Susan Manuel
UNMIK Spokeswoman

SRGS & PDSRSG

SRSG Hans Haekkerup is expected to return from Denmark today.  Gary Matthews is with the Interim Administrative Council members in Vienna today where they will meet with the OSCE's Permanent Council.

Trains

UNMIK Railways has signed an agreement with Yugoslav Railways to facilitate rail traffic to Kosovo across the administrative boundary. This is an important agreement, which follows a similar one signed recently with the Railways of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.  Both agreements open the way for the movement of international freight across those borders and boundaries&

This is a very big step for the normalization of the railways and opens new avenues for economic trade. Regarding the Macedonian route, this will also cut down on the number of trucks on the road. In the north, some track and a tunnel need repair before the commercial traffic will resume, which is expected sometime this summer. Incidentally the Pristina-Peja passenger line re-started recently, running twice a week. It is taking 300 passengers a day.

Police Primacy at Cafa Prusit

The process of transferring responsibility for policing authorized border crossings from KFOR to UNMIK Border Police continues tomorrow at Cafa Prusit.  MNB West will hand over control to the UNMIK border police tomorrow at 1500. UN Border Police Commander Col. Dieter Kluge will take command from the Task Force Commander of the FALCO division, Col. Rocco Bruno.

Tomorrow, in Vushtri, 24 corrections supervisors will graduate from the Police College. Media are welcome to attend at 9 a.m. The course was funded by the Swiss govt. and the Swiss head of Prison Administration will present diplomas. This was advanced training for 24 supervisors, who are already working,

Also, tomorrow, the Lipjan Detention Centre will get its first UN director, Ms. Marjo Callaghan from Canada. She takes up the post held by an appointee of the Dutch government.

Serb returns

A comment on recent stories in the press on the return of Kosovo Serbs: At Tuesday's IAC, a document produced by the Joint Committee on the Returns of Kosovo Serbs was discussed. This was called Framework for Return, 2001.

The Framework, which many of you have, describes in great details the conditions, which will need to be established to allow any returns of Serbs. The Framework envisions a very slow and incremental process of return a few people at a time to select rural villages only where security, housing and freedom of movement are judged to be adequate.

A single politician who spoke to the press after the meeting distorted the discussions in the IAC on this framework.

There was no mention -either at the IAC or in the Framework --of numbers of returns envisioned.

There was no mention or statement that 170,000 K. Serbs would be returned in 2001. This is the number of displaced Kosovo Serbs registered by UNHCR in Serbia and Montenegro

This statement was not only incorrect and misleading, but it was clearly designed to alarm the public, rather than inform them accurately.

We are expecting the Kosovo Albanian leadership to play a major role in preparing the population of Kosovo to reconcile with their Serb neighbours and to assist in preparing the ground in communities to welcome back the residents who have every right to live there.

Any returns this year must be made in conditions of security, and security for minorities in Kosovo remains unacceptably bad. No returns will be made without extensive consultations with all communities living in the areas& We will not promote any further tragedies in Kosovo.

I remind you of the Framework's basic principle: that it is the fundamental right of IDPs to return to their places of origin in safety and dignity, including not only safety in their homes and communities, but also adequate freedom of movement. We all need to keep that in mind when discussing Serb returns.

No Smoking

 WHO, UNECEF, IOM, UNMIK and the Institute of Public Health are conducting a no smoking campaign. There will be a poster competition in all schools with the theme being "A smoke free room is good for   children's health". Competition runs to 15 July. Prizes include a TV and video recorder&

WHO says children who breathe other peoples' cigarette smoke have a higher risk of

Pneumonia and bronchitis and are more likely to get colds, coughs and ear infections. They are also at risk for asthma.

Sqdrn. Ldr. Roy Brown
KFOR Spokesman

Statement to Press Conference - Pristina

The relaxation of the final sub-sector of the Ground Safety Zone began at 0800 this morning.  Elements of the FRY Joint Security Forces moving along the main lines of communication are making rapid progress, while those elsewhere are advancing more slowly due to the potential mine threat

KFOR JIC teams were in place to monitor events prior to the start of the operation and had established communications with KFOR headquarters and the European Union Monitoring Mission teams that are also observing the operation. 

Yesterday, Dr Covic met with representatives of the villages of Dobrosin, Konculj, Trnovac and Lucane, ahead of this mornings re-entry operation.  The aim of those meetings was to reassure the local population and involve them in the process.  He apparently found them cooperative. 

Our expectation is that the return of FRY Forces to the central sub-sector will be un-opposed and the operation may well be completed by the end of the day, paving the way for the people of the Preshevo Valley to return home and to begin to build a better future

The two roads into the Ground Safety Zone, through Dobrosin and Konculj, have been closed temporarily but will be re-opened as soon as the FRY Joint Security Forces operations have been completed and it is considered safe for travel.  COMKFOR issued a statement, on Tuseday, lifting the temporary movement order, placed on former members of the armed groups that operated in the Preshevo Valley, and invites those people to return to their homes as soon as circumstances permit.

Weapons Amnesty

Weapons and ammunition continue to be handed in to KFOR patrols and ckeckpoints under the current Weapons Amnesty.  In the week up to Monday, 165 rifles, 25 pistols, 43 support weapons, 14 anti-tank weapons 53 anti-personnel mines and hand grenades and over 4000 rounds of ammunition were handed in to KFOR by both Serb and Albanian citizens.  These weekly figures represent more than double the total numbers of each weapon type received over the previous three weeks of the amnesty.  This is a very satisfying trend.

Added to the significant haul of weapons, explosives and ammunition recovered as a result of the de-militarization of Sector Bravo and the discovery of two arms caches, a huge number of weapons have been safely removed from circulation.

There is no place in a progressive and developing Kosovo for weapons, nor is there any need for weapons in a safe and secure environment.  We strongly encourage people to follow the trend and to hand in any remaining illegally held weapons and ammunition before the amnesty deadline of 4 June.  We will continue to conduct random vehicle checks and searches and individuals found in possession of weapons will be subject to the full force of the law under the new legislation.


Astrid van Genderen Stort
UNHCR Spokeswoman

Arrivals by dates and crossing points
As pre-registered by the RCK registration points

 
Table 1: Internally Displaced (IDP’s) from Preshevo Valley

Total arrivals from Preshevo Valley 8,198

Please note that a number of people have been reported crossing back across the boundary into Preshevo Valley following the 24th May VJ deployment. Between 28-30 May approximately 1390 people were reported returning. One has to bear in mind that it will however always be difficult to ascertain the exact number of arrivals, departures, back-and-forth- travellers etc.

Table 2: Arrivals from FYROM

Total 10,625

(*1)Please note that for Blace border those with passports can cross the official border crossing ; those without passport have so far had to revert to taking the mountain route which leads straight into Hani I Elezit/Deneral Jankovic (the so called unofficial border crossing)

 
Total displaced from fYROM and Preshevo Valley since February is 27,823


UNHCR Kosovo Update covering 29 and 30 May 2001

Arrivals from fYROM

The number of arrivals entering Kosovo through Blace, both official and unofficial border crossing increased quite significantly during 29 May, decreased again slightly on 30 May. On 29 May a total of 422 people were reported entering Kosovo mainly through Blace border crossing, coming from villages (Cerkezi, Matejce, Vaksince, Opaja, Nikustak, Strima, Gorizare) close to Kumanovo and Aracinovo, close to Skopje. Of these over a hundred opted to travel by night through the unofficial border crossings. At the same time several people who fled from fYROM to southern Serbia last week had decided to travel on to Kosovo with the purpose of staying with friends and families until the situation gets calmer.  Over a hundred were assisted with transport from Preshevo town into Kosovo by UNHCR, others managed by their own means. All were reported entering through Muchibaba and Gate 5.

The total number of arrivals from fYROM since 3 May stands now at 10,625, bringing the total displaced population from fYROM inside Kosovo since the first clashes started in the northern mountains in fYROM in February up to 19,625 displaced people inside Kosovo.
The number of registered displaced inside fYROM stands at 12,144 as of 29 May.
The number of arrivals from fYROM in Prea.evo Vallley is approximately 3000.

Totally displaced fYROM citizens inside fYROM, Kosovo and Prea.evo valley is approx. 35,000 people.

UNHCR fYROM and Kosovo have been closely watching what will happen following the statement of the Ministry of Interior in fYROM distributed on 30 May regarding the trapped population of Lipkovo. It has been reported that presently between 10,000-15,000 people are inside the village: part of them are original inhabitants and others are displaced from the surrounding villages. So far there is no indication that the population is willing to leave.

UNHCR is very concerned that the continuing fighting will prevent further access of humanitarian organisations to the region in order to provide urgently needed humanitarian aid.  While negotiating access to the area, UNHCR fYROM is presently trying to work out a strategy to ensure health assistance to the conflict zone through local structures, in co-ordination with WHO, which is taking the lead with the Ministry of Health.

UNHCR is particularly concerned about the ongoing hostilities and the plight of the civilian population who are the victims. UNHCR stresses that freedom of movement must be guaranteed. UNHCR warns that it is of outmost importance that no involuntary evacuation takes place out of the country and that people are given a free choice where to go when leaving the conflict zone. 

UNHCR Kosovo continues to provide its usual assistance. So far, all new arrivals have found shelter with host families all around Kosovo but mainly in Gnilan/Gnjilane area.

Arrivals and departures from/to Preshevo

Approximately 500 people were reported crossing the boundary into Kosovo over the last two days.  At the same time large movements of people have been seen spontaneously returning to Prea.evo Valley. ICRC reported that since 28 May over 1300 people were reported returning back. Some of the returnees were people from Oraovica, the village which had been taken by the UCPMB before and retaken by the VJ. Others were from Preshevo town and Bujanovac.

UNHCR field teams from both Gnilane/Gnjilane AOR and Preshevo Valley visited various villages in Preshevo Valley (Breznica, Muhovac, Dobrosin as well as villages in the Karadek area) from where a large movement had taken place into Kosovo only recently. The main aim was to assess the overall mood in the villages with regard to the re entry of the VJ troops into Sector B central (today) and the general attitude towards staying in the village, leaving and/or returning. In both Breznica and Muhovac, most of the population is reportedly still displaced inside Kosovo but the village leaders stated that they are active in trying to convince the population to return. The UNHCR team from Preshevo reported that the overall mood indicates that people are anxious and the slightest incident or perception of an incident can trigger movement. The opinion of UNHCR teams in the field is, however that should no incident occur, the population in the visited villages will quickly spontaneously return.  Houses are reportedly in the same state as before the troops entered and the children of the villages have been going to school as normal, which can definitely be seen as a positive and encouraging sign.

UNHCR, together with other agencies and organizations on the ground, is closely monitoring the re entry of the VJ in Sector B central which is taking place as we speak. Also in close cooperation with the local leaders, UNHCR is continuing to visit the villages inside sector B with a view to creating confidence amongst the population.


Claire Trevena
OSCE Spokeswoman

Everts and IAC to PC

Ambassador Daan Everts, along with the four Kosovo IAC members and PDSRSG Gary Matthews are at the OSCE's Permanent Council in Vienna today. Ambassador Everts is addressing the Permanent Council on preparations being done for this year's Kosovo wide elections - what we are trying to do to make it an inclusive election for everyone in Kosovo, what will be done to update the voters lists and what the Central Election Commission is doing.

The Permanent Council is the main decision making body of the OSCE and has representatives of the 55 member nations.

He's also telling the Permanent Council about the endorsement of the regulation earlier this week, which establishes RTK as an independent public broadcaster. The agreement of the IAC on this was welcomed by the OSCE in Kosovo as a very positive step in the development of RTK as a public service broadcaster.

Ambassador Everts will hold a short press briefing tomorrow on his return from Vienna, to talk about what came out at the PC. That will be at 15.40 - twenty to four - in the sixth floor conference room of the OSCE headquarters.

CEC

After the press briefing, the Central Election Commission will be meeting. Last week they agreed several rules, including the establishment of an Election Complaints and Appeals Committee. This is the body that will hear any complaints about candidates or parties who have allegedly broken rules set down by the Central Election Commission. The Complaints and Appeals Committee has a variety of sanctions at its disposal - from asking for action to be taken to rectify the problem, through fines, with the ultimate sanction of prohibiting candidates or parties from contesting the election.

This week the Central Election Commission will start to discuss the issue of how to ensure women are represented in the election and in the assembly and how to make sure that parties reflect the whole of Kosovo in their candidates' lists.

Monday's Press Conference

And on Monday Ambassador Everts and the Director of Elections Operations, Peter Erben, will be holding a press conference here at the UN auditorium at 1030 to explain the electoral system as set down in the Constitutional Framework. I would urge you all to come, as it will answer many of the questions you have been asking. That's at 1030 this coming Monday, the 4th of June.


Mike Todd
EU Spokesman

Another Bank Licensed

The governing board of the BPK has granted approval for a new commercial bank to operate in Kosovo. The approval for the new bank, Banka Ekonomike, came into effect on May 28.

Banka Ekomike will begin its operations in Pristina. It is the fourth bank to have been issued a license by the BPK to operate in Kosovo. Kosovo is now beginning to develop a real banking sector, with real competition that will benefit all bank customers. All four banks are responsible to the BPK and have to meet their strict operating criteria.

With the changeover to the Euro approaching fast, all of Kosovo's citizens who don't already have bank accounts are encouraged to open one: it's the simplest way to ensure their money is changed into Euros without having to worry.

There will be a ceremony to celebrate the opening of the new bank at 11.00pm tomorrow in the Grand Hotel.

VAT

There is a press briefing taking place this afternoon at 2.30 in the Banking and Payments Authority Building, on the introduction of Kosovo's new Value Added Tax.

Registration for Value added tax begins tomorrow, June 1st and ends on June 30.
Registration will take place at all regional tax centers. Those businesses expected to register include all importers and exporters and those businesses with 200,000 DM turnover. A series of information seminars geared specifically to those businesses affected by the tax will be taking place over the coming weeks.

The introduction of VAT in Kosovo will be major development for Kosovo's taxation system. It is a major step forward towards the creation of a self-sustaining economy based on the principles of the free market.

A notice on today's press briefing is available outside.

Questions:

Q: Who was the architect for the wall in Mitrovica? When will the construction start?
RB: The wall to which you refer is not a wall at all and is not a fully-fledged plan.  It is a project in being, a recommendation that a screen should be provided at the western bridge and the only purpose for that is to improve or allow ease of crowd control should the disturbances that we have seen in the past reoccur.

Q: Where are they boundaries and borders in Kosovo?
RB: The boundaries and borders of Kosovo are those that appear on the map.  They have not moved and as you well know under UNSCR 1244 there is no intention of moving any of them.

Q: What kind of material will the screen be built with?
RB: There is no definitive plan.  The suggestion was that the lower part would be brick of normal masonry construction and the top part would be a mesh screen of some description.

Q: How high will the bricks be?
RB: The bricks would only go to just over a meter, basically a low wall which& .

Q: So it is a wall?
RB: It is a small wall with a screen on top of it.

Q: The Macedonian government has discussed offering amnesty to the NLA.  Is KFOR prepared to do the same?
RB: IT is too early to come to a strict conclusion on that.  A lot like yourselves we recently heard of the offer of amnesty this morning.  There was a plan announced by the FYROM authorities a couple of days ago to allow the population of the village of Lipkovo to move without being molested by FYROM police and border authorities.  But for the moment KFOR's policy has not changed.  We will still detain any members or suspected members of armed groups that move north from FYROM into Kosovo or those that try to move from Kosovo to support the extremists in FYROM.  We expect that to continue and we expect that any movement of refugees from FRYON into the north will very effectively handled by UNHCR and the authorities.
 
Q: Which way is west in terms of the bridge?
RB: The bridges run north south but the western one is referred to as the western bridge.

Q: What percentage of the Ethnic Albanian population from FYROM has been displaced? 

Do you consider this ethnic cleansing and what is your strategy to return the people?
AGS: It is quite difficult because it is unclear exactly what the percentage is of Albanians in Macedonia.  UNHCR is very much committed to returning everyone home as soon as possible, as soon as the situation has calmed down and allows returns.  As you know up though the fighting in March and April the fighting we directly embarked on a sitting down with the government in Macedonia to work on return.  We even had meetings between the village leaders from the other side, IDP's on this side, from the government.  A whole committee was set up for that.  Unfortunately fighting started again so as soon as it is over, which I can only hope will be soon, we will directly work on that again.

Q: Does COMKFOR support the building of the wall in Mitrovica?
RB: I can't directly answer that question.  But as I said earlier this is not a final plan, this is a concept.  This is a proposal that has been put forward by MNB North and it has been put forward to the regional administrator and to the civil authorities.  At the end of the day the decision as to whether to build or not to build this screen will be made.

Q: Do you as KFOR think it is a good example of how we should ease ethnic tensions?
RB: The manner in which the proposal has been put forward as a sensible means to enable free movement of people during the normal course of events and to enable security forces and police to control large movements of civil population on other occasions, it has merit.  It would certainly allow both the cultural center and the gymnasium, both of which are there for all the people of Mitrovica but are physically located on the south side to be readily available to all the people as it should be.

Q: Does KFOR have a Joint Command? Can you see the same kind of wall planned in Gracanica, Strepca or other parts?
RB: As you know I don't speculate on what may happen based on what I know and I am certainly not going to speculate on what might happen based on something that hasn't happened.

Q: The new democratic government in Serbia is requesting democratic changes to our democratic Constitutional Framework.  Will you grant them?
SM: Ever since Mr. Haekkerup signed the Constitutional Framework the Belgrade authorities have been critical of it.  We are not going to change it.  There is nothing new in that score.

Q: When will the decision be made on the wall?  What is the timeline and who will make the decision?
RB: We are dealing with a concept, a proposal that was put forward by MNB North.  MNB North does not actually construct and build things.  We make advise on how it should be constructed.  It is up to the civil authorities to actually do the construction and the civil authorities actually make the final decision on those construction.  I don't have a timeline.

Q: KFOR says it is a civilian not a military decision.  So what do you consider the timeline for the wall?
SM: There is no timeline.  There is only a concept as Roy said.

Q: Who else except the Serbs and MNB North supports this wall?
SM: I think we have a story in the media that is way advanced of the reality. Apparently there is concept for a wall and that is being discussed among KFOR, the UNMIK administration and the Albanian authorities according to what I read in Koha Ditore.  There

is no influence by the Kosovo Serbs.  It has nothing to do with them. 

Q: Does the UN think the wall will settle the ethnic differences?
SM: That is not the purpose of the wall and as I saw Mr. Fischer quoted in Koha Ditore, we are not trying to do anything that would further separate the communities or continue the status quo.  This is a KFOR initiative that has to do with force protection and crowd control as Roy said.

RB:  The bridge is there quite clearly to join the two parts of the community.  Any additions to that bridge that may have been proposed are merely there for crowd control and force protection should the need arrive.

SM: This is not going to be a Berlin Wall whatever it is.