UNMIK Newsletter No. 34

NATO confirms use of depleted uranium
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has confirmed that depleted uranium was used during the Kosovo conflict, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) said in a statement on 21 March.
NATO used some 31,000 rounds of depleted uranium ammunition throughout the province in more than 100 bombing missions. The Balkans Task Force (BTF) says that the information provided by NATO so far is not detailed enough to facilitate an accurate assessment of the environmental and human health consequences.
BTF was set up by UNEP and the UN Centre for Human Settlements (UNCHS/Habitat) in May 1999 to assess the environmental and human settlement consequences of the Balkans conflict. Last year, a BTF report concluded that the Kosovo conflict did not cause an environmental catastrophe affecting the Balkans region as a whole, but that pollution detected at four environmental “hot spots” was serious and posed a health threat.
After reviewing the data provided by NATO, BTF concluded that information was needed on the exact location of the depleted uranium ordnance to carry out a comprehensive, objective and scientifically based environmental and human health impact assessment in Kosovo.
The conclusions of the BTF scientists have been forwarded to UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan and the heads of other concerned UN agencies, including UNMIK.

KFOR closes boundary crossings
KFOR has started sealing secondary and minor border crossings between Kosovo and eastern Serbia to guard against cross-border violence, a KFOR spokesman said on 22 March. He said that troops have commenced operations to close the Podujevo border crossing and all other unofficial crossings between Kosovo and Serbia. The main border crossings will, however, remain open. He said the purpose of this operation was to prevent Kosovo being used as a base for the export of violence into Serbia’s volatile Presevo Valley, where an estimated 60,000 to 70,000 ethnic Albanians still live. He said that KFOR will carry out strict ID checks of people crossing the boundary.

Explosion damages railway bridge near Mitrovica
An explosion heavily damaged a railway bridge near Mitrovica on 22 March, blocking the main railway line from Mitrovica to Lesac. A KFOR spokesman said that bomb disposal experts and police were investigating the incident.
In a statement a day later, KFOR said that its engineers had assessed the damage to the bridge and predicted it would take at least two months to repair it.
KFOR Belgian and Danish engineers conducted an extensive examination of other road and railway bridges in the area and found another cluster of explosives ready to destroy a road bridge nearby.

UNICEF warns against war and sanctions
One year after the start of NATO air strikes against Serbia and the extensive humanitarian relief effort that followed, UNICEF declared on 21 March that the children of the Balkans region “remain the most endangered children in Europe”.
In a statement issued in New York and Geneva, UNICEF’s Executive Director, Ms Carol Bellamy, said poverty had almost doubled since last year’s conflict and almost two-thirds of the population, mostly Serbs, lived at or below the poverty line.
The agency also reported that shortages of heating fuel had forced schools to shorten their hours, weakening an educational environment in which schools closed three months early during air strikes last spring and reopened late last fall because classrooms were used to house internally displaced families.
Ms Bellamy said the youth’s long-term prospects remained dreary unless “adults throughout the region fulfill their moral duty to end the ethnic hatred and violence that so insidiously shadow every new generation”.

What’s on in the regions

Pec
Pumps, pipes and fittings for the waterworks of Pec and Klina were delivered to the region last week by the MTZ Company. These supplies are being installed as part of the water project funded by the European Union.
 The construction of the generator house at the Klina Water Company is almost complete. A generator will be transported from the Portuguese KFOR premises and installed in the generator house.

Pristina
After lengthy negotiations with the Serb community, an agreement was reached on 22 March to relocate almost all  the 42 internally displaced Serbs from the Sveti Savas School in Kosovo Polje to a hotel in Bresovica in the Stroce municipality. The Serbs were moved the same day in cooperation with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees and KFOR and in agreement with Mr. Andjelkovic, president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Committee for Cooperation with UNMIK. Plans are being made to relocate the few Serbs who still live in the Sveti Sava School, which has not been used as a school because of their presence in the building.

Mitrovica
UNMIK has received 500,000 deutsche mark from the Government of San Marino. The money will be used to fund four projects in the health sector: the purchase of three ambulances, a generator for the health house in Leposavic, the rehabilitation of the immunization centre in Mitrovica and the rehabilitation of the health house in Zubin Potok.

Gnjilane
More than 4 million deutsche mark has been disbursed to 91,640 beneficiaries under the Emergency Financial Assistance Programme in Gnjilane. This social assistance programme is run by the Social Welfare Department of UNMIK, through which families without any source of income are provided 25 to 100 deutsche mark each per month.

Prizren
KFOR will shortly formulate a security plan that will enable Albanian and Serb farmers of the Orahovac municipality to safely engage in farming activities. Farmers of both communities recently expressed their concerns over the security situation. The decision to formulate a new security plan was taken after a meeting between the Orohavac municipal officials and KFOR representatives.
 In other developments, the municipality of Suhareka is going to start imposing fines for traffic violations. The revenue from these fines will be allocated to the municipal budget.

Briefs . . . .

Pressure on to find missing persons: During his visit to Djakova on 22 March, the Head of UNMIK met with members of the Missing Persons Association, who asked for help in finding about 1,500 people who have been missing from Djakova since the war began a year ago. Dr. Kouchner said he had given a list of missing persons to the UN Security Council and that he had asked the UN Secretary-General to appoint a human rights representative to investigate the cases.

Asbestos-using factory remains closed: UNMIK’s Department of Trade and Industry announced on 22 March that the Sharr-Salloniti factory at Hani I Elezit, near the Blace border, would remain closed for environmental reasons. The factory was using asbestos in the manufacture of roof tiles until it was closed down last month. The co-head of the department, Mr. Ian Fletcher, said the decision was accepted by the plant’s management.

Police to check vehicle registration: UNMIK Police will conduct traffic controls to check vehicles for their registration papers in Pristina starting on 31 March. Drivers need proof of insurance and a document verifying payment of customs duty for recently obtained vehicles. The fee for customs clearance documents has been reduced from 100 to 30 deutsche mark.

Bulgarian Prime Minister offers help: During his visit to Kosovo last week, Bulgarian Prime Minister Ivan Kostov offered to help promote the dialogue between ethnic Albanians and Serbs in the province. Mr. Kostov made the offer during a meeting with the Head of UNMIK in Pristina on 19 March, when he also offered to increase the number of Bulgarian  police officers serving with UNMIK.
Balkans Task Force created: In Lisbon last week the European Union (EU) created a new Balkans Task Force to coordinate policy on the former Yugoslavia and ensure efficient delivery of aid to the region, including Kosovo. The task force will be headed by EU High Representative for Foreign Policy Javier Solana and External Affairs Commissioner Chris Patten.

UNHCR Head visit: The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Ms Sadako Ogata, expressed cautious optimism on 26 March about the situation in Kosovo, saying it still fell short of the goal of a multi-ethnic and tolerant society.  On the last day of her visit to Kosovo, she said, “This is not an inter-ethnic Kosovo that we see here today and this is not what the international community was committed to.” Yet she added that she was encouraged by the “words of moderation” from the local Albanian leaders. Ms Ogata also appealed to European leaders not to force thousands of Albanians to return home, saying that a new mass influx could make the province unstable.

IAC meets in CFA office: The Interim Administrative Council (IAC) met for the first time at the premises of the Central Fiscal Authority on 21 March. The IAC intends to meet at the different administrative departments in order to get first-hand information of the day-to-day work of the joint administration.

EU calls for end to violence: The 15 foreign ministers of the European Commission on 20 March condemned “the extremism on both sides” of Kosovo’s ethnic divide. They appealed to Kosovo’s ethnic Albanians and Serbs “to reject the violence and extremism” and urged political leaders “to use their influence to take urgent action to prevent further incidents and disorder”.
 
OSCE distributes children’s books: The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) has started distributing children’s books in schools throughout Kosovo last week. The OSCE announced that 10,000 books are to be distributed. The books, which include a play, poetry, short stories and two novels, were printed with funding from the non-governmental organization Capanamor.

US opposed to partition of Mitrovica: The United States is resolutely opposed to any ethnic partition of the town of Mitrovica, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright declared in a press conference in Geneva on 23 March. “It's not possible because it would go against all the things we’ve started to do in Kosovo,” she added. Ms Albright also voiced her opposition to breaking up the province into separate districts.

UNMIK Police Facts*

Authorized strength: 4,718 Deployed: 2,550

Pristina: 618  Main Headquarters: 150
Prizren: 312  Border police: 195
Pec: 129   Training staff: 37
Mitrovica: 536  Kosovo Police Service: 105
Gnjilane: 343  At the training centre: 88** 

* As of 26 March 2000     ** Awaiting deployment