UNMIK On-Air

Lustration in Western Balkans

July 2004

By Andrea Saula

 

SLUG: The Center for Democratization and Reconciliation in Southeast Europe launched a project that aims to enhance lustration legislation and practices. Their hope is to extend citizen participation in the public debate concerning the recent history in the Western Balkans.


 

Hello and welcome. This is UNMIK On-Air

 

Brutal wars in the Balkans that lasted for more than a decade through the 1990’s invariably tainted personal perceptions of suffering for those living in Former Yugoslavia.

 

For those who have lived through such conflict, perceiving what has been done to others in an objective fashion is often a difficult task.

 

With this in mind, an international non-governmental organization based in Thessalonica, Greece, the “Center for Democratization and Reconciliation in South-east Europe” or CDRSE, launched a project with other participating NGO’s named  “Disclosing hidden history: Lustration in the Western Balkans.”

 

One of the partner NGO’S in the project is the Belgrade-based “Center for Anti-war Actions.” CAC Director, Alexander Resanovic explains his approach towards lustration.

 

Alander Resanovic: “The aim of this project is to gather countries of Western Balkans, Serbia and Montenegro, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and Greece as the country that leads the project, in order to reconsider their common past and to see if there is some possibility to identify bad moments from the past and to overcome them. We don’t have some big ambitions in the sense of reconciliation; we don’t see lustration as reconciliation but as a process of overcoming bad things in the past.”

 

 

Lustration is a legal process that authorizes government actions ranging from gathering information to investigating and disqualifying from office those most complicit with the wrongs committed by past regimes.

 

In Central and Eastern Europe it implies the purification of state organizations from their sins under their former communist regimes.

 

In an exclusive interview with UNMIK on Air, Corinna Noack-Aetopulos, Project Coordinator with the CDRSE, notes that so far there was no real lustration process in the Western Balkans.

 

C. Noack-Aetopulos: “There will be research undertaken on lustration procedures, which have been conducted already. It’s like what has been done already, what will be the next steps in the future, what can we learn from lustration, which has been a tradition in Central Europe and even in Germany. So it is a comparative study of lustration procedures in Europe and what can we learn from that for the western Balkans.”

 

Project ‘Lustration in Western Balkans” is divided in three seminars. The first one emphasized facing the past and was held a week ago in Belgrade.

 

How does one establish the truth in a region where myths are so prevalent?

 

Alexander Resanovic of the Center for Anti-war Actions:

 

A. Resanovic: We are witnessing that in our environment every ten or twenty years the truth is being changed by the transience of political regimes and elites. (edit to) In human nature one wants to ignore troubles rather then face them. That’s why people - especially politicians – escape by tending to the things that are simple and calm. (edit to) But history teaches us that the facts and the crimes that were, for example, committed during WWII and that were put under the carpet, in 90-ies they erupted in much worse form and brought to well known problems. No matter how the true is unpleasant in some way we have to face it, we have to face with evil that was committed also by our people and also from neighboring countries. We have to reach some consensus on it. That is unpleasant process that is supposed to bring first to individual responsibility of those who committed crimes in the past.”

 

With the establishment of the International Criminal Court for the Former Yugoslavia in 1993, the United Nations sped up the possibility for the lustration process in the Balkans.

 

However, Balkan analysts attest to the fact that this Court is still facing a lack of cooperation from Western Balkan countries.

 

Unsolved and unfinished political and transitional processes are vivid in Kosovo, whose international status as a province is still open.

 

Lulzim Mjeku, the Director of The Human Right Center of Prishtina University, thinks that in Kosovo there is still no political will and support for lustration:

 

Lulzim Mjeku: “From the year that the tribunal was established in 1993 it was an obstacle for peace and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in the region. This can be explained by simple example, THOSE who were leading the war in Bosnia and in Kosovo, THEY at the same time should be the ones who should sign peace treaties. If THE international community wants to achieve peace in one region it cannot in one way have a diplomatic approach, and in other hand to show the sword of justice and to say to the same actor that did crimes if you sign peace… tomorrow you are going to be chased by Hague Tribunal.”

 

As Mjeku says the peace has been achieved in the Balkans, but establishing stability and rule of law will take much more time.

 

The CDRSE conference is just one of the lobbying projects, helped by EU and USAID, that is helping to foster democracy and rule of law - necessary things for the Balkan countries to finish the lustration process and finally to become a part of euro-Atlantic integration.

 

That is all for this edition for UNMIK On-Air. Thanks for listening and stay tuned.